Bogardus social distance scale

A scale used in social studies to define social distance, also called the social distance scale. The name of the scale comes from the name of its founder, an American sociologist Emory Bogardus (1882 – 1973).
The Bogardus social distance scale is a psychological testing scale created by Emory S. Bogardus to empirically measure people's willingness to participate in social contacts of varying degrees of closeness with members of diverse social groups, such as racial and ethnic groups. (Karakayali, Nedim 2009)
The Bogardus social distance scale was created by Emory Bogardus as a technique for measuring the willingness of people to participate in social relations with other kinds of people.

Purposes

The main purposes of Bogardus social distance scale are below-

The scale is to measure the attitude towards a particular racial group.
The scale is measured by the closeness of relationship that a respondent is willing to accept.
Bogardus scale usually applied to the study of ethnic relations, social classes, and social values.

Advantages
 The method of constructing of Bogardus scale is less cumbersome and it is easily administered.
 The scale attempts to measure respondents' degree of warmth, intimacy, indifference, or hostility to particular social relationships, by having them indicate agreement or disagreement with a series of statements about particular religious groups.
 The Bogardus social distance scale is considered more reliable as it respondents answer each statement included in the instrument.
 Lend themselves to ordinal levels of measurement

Disadvantages
There are several limitations of the Bogardus scale as well-
 Bogardus scale score doesn’t indicates the degree of performance of a group over the other.
 Problem of Uni-dimensionality
 Questionable linearity and unique intervals
 Impossible to measure the scale content validity