Psychology of individual differences and their measurement;
Individual difference is the premise that people will vary (get different scores) on the attribute. Individual difference psychology examines how people are similar and how the differ in their thinking, feeling and behavior.
It is also sometimes called differential psychology because researches in this area study the ways in which individual people differ in their behavior.
Studies of individual differences are frequently said to concern response-response relationships because they related to different response made by subjects, whereas psychological experiment concern with stimulus- response relationships.
Properties of individual difference:
• The cornerstone of psychological measurement- that there are real, relatively stable differences between people.
• This means that people differ in measurable ways in their behavior and that the differences persist over a sufficiently long time.
• Researches are interested in assigning individuals numbers that will reflect their difference.
• Psychological test are designed to measure specific attributes, not the whole person.
• These differences may be large or small.
Differential psychology concern two kinds of problems;
• The logic and methods of measuring individual differences.
• The study of how individual differences arise and how they related to one another.
The first concerns the tools for measuring individual differences; the second cancers the facts that have been established by applying the tools.
Psychology use measurement to study individual differences in the following area-
Attitude, Intelligence, Personality, Aptitude, Achievement, Motivation, Ability, Interest, Values, Self-concept, Self-efficacy and self esteem.
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